A wasu yankuna da ke kudancin jihar Kaduna a arewacin Najeriya, mallakar fili, musamman na noma, wani abu ne da mata ba su fiya samu ba. Hakan kuma, na da alaƙa da al’adun yankin, kamar na ƙabilar Bajju, inda maza ne kaɗai ke da haƙƙin mallakar fili ta hanyar gado.
Martha Saleh, ɗaya ce daga cikin matan da suka fuskanci irin wannan ƙalubale har na tsawon shekaru.
Ta ce wasu lokutan takan tuna yadda ita da sauran matan da ke zaune a Anguwan Mission a ƙaramar hukumar Zongon-Kataf suke tafiya ƙauyen One Man Village mai nisan awa ɗaya don neman kwangilar aikatau a gonakin da ba nasu ba.
“A lokacin ladan aikinmu na kamawa daga ₦2,000 zuwa ₦10,000 a kowace rana,” a cewar Martha.
Abin da suke samu a lokacin bai wuce na ciyar da iyalansu ba, balle har ya isa su iya gina wani abu na kansu.
A wata safiya a shekarar 2015, Martha ta tara wasu mata 19 a ƙarƙashin wata bishiyar mangwaro a Anguwan Mission ta faɗa musu cewa lokaci ya yi da za su fita daga wannan ƙangi na wahala.
A ranar suka cimma yarjejiniyar kafa ƙungiyar da suka sa wa suna “Ci Gaban Taimakon Mata”.
Sun kuma yarda cewa duk kuɗin da suka samu daga yin aikatau a gonaki, za su adana shi cikin asusun ajiyar kuɗi na haɗin gwiwa.
Sa’annan, a ƙarshen kowane wata, za a raba kuɗin daidai wa daida.
Cikin shekaru biyu, hoɓɓasarsu ta kai ga tara kuɗade masu yawa, wanda a ciki ne kuma kowace mamba ta ƙungiyar ta samu damar sayan filin noma. Hakan ya samu ne da haɗin kan dagatai daga yankin.
“Kimanin ₦80,000 na sayi nawa filin. Yanzu filin da ke da girman nawa zai kai ₦500,000,” in ji Martha.
Agnes Stephen, wata mamba a ƙungiyar, ta ce ita ta sayi nata kan ₦70,000.
Mallakar filin noma da Martha da sauran matan suka yi, nasara ce da ake ganin ta zama abin koyi a ƙasar da mata ke yin sama da kashi 70 na aikin gona amma ke mallakar ƙalilan na filayen noma, kamar yadda Shirin Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arzikin Matan Najeriya na 2023 (WEE Policy) ya nuna.
Har ila yau, nasarar ba ta gama kai wa ga kowa ba. Hannatu, wata mata daga Kachia, a jihar Kaduna, ta rasa gonar mijinta bayan rasuwarsa a shekarar 2022, inda ƴan uwan mijin nata suka ƙwace filin saboda a al’adarsu su ke da haƙƙin gadon filin.
Yanzu dai an bar Hannatu da neman aikin aikatau a gonakin mutane domin ta samu ta ciyar da ƴaƴanta.
Maryam Musa Gusau, wata lauya a Kaduna, ta ce babu wani sashe a Dokar Amfani da Fili (Land Use Act) ta 1978 da ya hana mace mallakar fili. “Dokar ta ce kowanne mutum zai iya mallakar fili, walau mace ko namiji,” in ji ta.
“Duk wata al’ada da ta saɓa wa kundin tsarin mulki ba ta da tushe,” in ji lauya Maryam.
Ta ƙara da cewa a duk inda aka tauye wa mata haƙƙinsu na mallakar filayen noma, suna iya shigar da ƙara a kotu don samun adalci.
Sai dai, a cewar Martha, mata da yawa ba sa zuwa kotu saboda tsoron samun rashin jituwa tsakanin matan da ƴan uwansu da kuma rashin kuɗi.
A ƙoƙarinta na shawo kan matsalolin da mata ke fuskanta, gwamnatin jihar Kaduna ta ƙaddamar da Shirin Ƙarfafa Tattalin Arzikin Mata (WEE Policy) a watan Nuwamba shekarar 2024. Kuma ta yi alƙawarin taimaka wa mata 15,000 ta hanyar ƙungiyoyi 750 da kuɗin tallafi da ya kai naira biliyan biyar.
Martha da mambobin ƙungiyarta sun halarci taron horo da gwamnatin jihar ta jagoranta inda aka gaya musu su yi rijistar ƙungiyarsu don samun wannan tallafi.
“Mun cika takardu kamar yadda suka ce. Yanzu muna jira,” in ji Shattu Ɗanladi, mai muƙamin ma’aji a ƙungiyar.
Sai dai duk da wannan ci gaba, waɗannan mata har yanzu suna fuskantar ƙalubale, inda aikace-aikacen gida ke daƙile ƙoƙarinsu na faɗaɗa gonakinsu wajen noma da girban amfani mai yawa.
A wani ɓangaren, rashin wadataccen takin zamani ma wani abu ne da ke ci musu tuwo a ƙwarya.
Hakan na da nasaba da tashin gwauron zabo da taki ya yi a wannan shekarar, inda kuɗin buhun urea kilo 50 ya tashi daga ₦37,000 a bara zuwa ₦50,000 yanzu.
A cewar manoma, nau’in NPK 20:10:10 yana kai wa ₦10,000 zuwa ₦30,000.
Gwamnatin jihar Kaduna dai a watan Agusta ta raba takin zamani kyauta ga manoma 100,000 a fadin jihar. Amma mata da ke ƙungiyar su Martha ba su samu ba.
“Sun ce sun raba, amma mu dai bai iso gare mu ba,” in ji Shattu.
Bugu da ƙari, ta ce idan za ta sayi taki da zai ishi gonakinta guda biyu, sai ta kashe kusan duk kuɗin da ta samu a kakar noma da ya wuce.
Yanzu dai matan na amfani da kashin shanu a matsayin taki.
Da wannan ne Martha ke girbe buhu 50 na masara a kowace kaka. Ta ce idan ta sayar da amfanin da ta girbe, tana amfani da kuɗin wajen biyan kuɗin makarantar ƴaƴanta.
“Bayan girbi, muna ware kaso daga abin da aka girbe don taimaka wa iyalai da ba su da abinci,” in ji Shattu. “Kuma muna tallafa wa ɗalibai marasa galihu da littatafan rubutu na makaranta.”
Agnes ma ta ce bara ta sayar da gyaɗar da ta girbe ta biya kuɗin jinyar yaronta da ba shi da lafiya ba tare da ta ranci kuɗi ba.
“Ina jin farin ciki duk lokacin da na tuna cewa ina da gona ta kai na,” in ji Agnes.
An shirya wannan rahoto ne da tallafin ƙungiyar Solutions Journalism Network da kuma Gidauniyar Hewlett, a ƙarƙashin Shirin Tattara Labarai Kan Daidaito Tsakanin Maza da Mata wanda Gidauniyar Watsa Labarai da Ci Gaba ta Social Voices ta samar.
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